Postpartum hemorrhage remains the leading cause of maternal mortality and morbidity. Oxytocic drugs are the main stay in prevention as well as treatment. Oxytocin remains the drug of choice

Deaths of babies in the first 28 days of life in resource-limited countries can be significantly reduced with a small number of low-tech interventions. This article summarises the core equipment and skills needed for the resuscitation of newborns where equipment is limited and skilled paediatric support is not available.

Physiological changes in the parturient occur due to the needs of the developing foetus. Understanding these changes is important when administering anaesthesia to the obstetric patient. Additionally, understanding the physiological effects in the foetus allows for appropriate intrauterine monitoring and expedient delivery if there are signs of foetal hypoxia.

Sepsis remains one of the four main causes of maternal mortality. Common causes of severe sepsis & septic shock during pregnancy include pyelonephritis, infection during labour and peurpurium & respiratory infection.

Trauma during pregnancy is the leading non-obstetrical cause of maternal death and remains the most common cause of foetal demise. Trauma management needs multidisciplinary team of emergency physician, obstetrician, anesthesiologist & surgeons. Major trauma causes obstetric & fetal complications & may end by maternal death.

Obesity is one of the greatest public health challenges of the 21st century. Obesity during pregnancy puts the mother, fetus and neonate at higher risk of morbidity and mortality during the antenatal, intrapartum and postnatal periods.

The anaesthesiologist’s expertise in treatment of the parturient and massive haemorrhage resuscitation is a valuable component of the multidisciplinary care team’s capacity to reduce maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. This article reviews recent updates in the diagnosis and management of placental pathology and will present challenges facing today’s obstetric anesthesiologist.

Pre-eclampsia causes significant morbidity and mortality to both mother and foetus worldwide, the major causes being delayed diagnosis and poor management. Identifying the parturient at risk of developing pre-eclampsia is paramount and optimising this patient cohort is key. Early management of pre-eclampsia favours a better outcome with magnesium sulphate and anti-hypertensive medications being the mainstay of treatment.

The cause of maternal collapse and cardiorespiratory arrest is not always immediately apparent. A generic approach based on Basic and Advanced Adult Life Support is recommended. Key modifications to these algorithms are required in pregnancy. These include early intubation and the use of lateral tilt or uterine displacement.

The health of women correlates strongly with the social and economic well-being of a community. However, pain during childbirth is undertreated in variable resource environments Epidurals provide safe and efficient provision of anesthesia for unplanned or emergent cesarean delivery. This article focuses on establishing an epidural service to provide labour analgesia and anesthesia for nonscheduled cesarean delivery.

Labour epidurals provide safe, effective analgesia with minimal side effects to mother and fetus. Knowledge of anatomy and pain pathways are key to providing epidural analgesia to labouring parturients. Consent can be challenging during active labour.

Total spinal or a high neuraxial blockade is a recognised complication of central neuraxial techniques. A high number of incidents of a high neuraxial block are being reported in obstetrics following the increased use of neuraxial anaesthesia.

Caesarean section is the most frequently performed obstetric surgical procedure, and spinal anaesthesia is a common anaesthetic technique used across the world. It produces rapid, dense, predictable block, is relatively easy to perform with a definite end point and has a very high success rate.

General anaesthesia for caesarean section entails the risk of life-threatening complications such as difficult airway management and aspiration pneumonia, and it is therefore recommended that it be avoided whenever possible in favour of neuraxial anaesthesia.

Obstetric airway management has long been associated with an increased risk of failed tracheal intubation and airway-related morbidity and mortality. However, there is little evidence that failed intubation rates have fallen despite recent advances in airway equipment and techniques.

Members of WFSA's Obstetric anaesthesia committee and experts in obstetrics anaesthesia from around the globe, offers an important contribution to improve patient care and access to safe peripartum care.

A significant number of women undergo anesthesia and surgery during pregnancy for procedures unrelated to delivery. In order to provide safe anaesthesia for mother and fetus, it is essential for the anesthetist to have thorough understanding of the physiological and pharmacological changes that characterize the three trimesters of pregnancy. A multidisciplinary team approach is highly recommended to ensure an adequate standard of care.

Update in Anaesthesia the official education journal of the WFSA. provides clear, concise and clinically-relevant overview articles for anaesthetists working with limited resources around the world.

A intubação traqueal fracassada é mais comum na população obstétrica, apesar da ampla adoção de treinamentos de intubação fracassada e avanços nos equipamentos. Este tutorial fornece uma abordagem prática para a gestão obstétrica segura das vias aéreas e as ações a serem tomadas quando surgem problemas, incluindo medidas para manter a oxigenação e tomada de decisões apropriadas.

O Escore de Alerta Precoce Materno (EAPM) é um sistema projetado para ajudar na detecção precoce de mães doentes e, potencialmente, permite a oportunidade de intervir e prevenir a deterioração. Este tutorial discute a aplicação do EAPM e a evidência por trás de seu uso

Este tutorial revisa las complicaciones relacionadas con la analgesia/anestesia neuroaxial y su manejo en pacientes obstétricas. Las complicaciones son divididas en cuatro categorías principales incluyendo neurológica, cardiovascular, reaccionas al fármaco y miscelánea. Este tutorial incluye recomendaciones nuevas relacionadas con el bloqueo neuroaxial.

Este tutorial abrange as complicações relacionadas a analgesia/anestesia neuraxial e seu manejo em pacientes obstétricas. As complicações são divididas em quatro categorias principais incluindo neurológica, cardiovascular, relacionada a drogas e outras. Este tutorial inclui recomendações atualizadas relacionadas a bloqueios neuraxiais.

O despertar inadvertido durante anestesia geral (DIDA) foi demonstrado como sendo mais comum na prática obstétrica do que em qualquer outra área da anestesia. Os fatores que contribuem para um risco maior incluem estresse ou ansiedade materna, cirurgia de emergência e o intervalo “intravenoso-inalatório”. Este tutorial descreve algumas estratégias para gerenciar este risco maior.

A recuperação sanguínea intraoperatória (RIS) é uma alternativa segura à transfusão de sangue alogênico em casos de hemorragia pós-parto. O tutorial descreve como funciona o circuito de RIS e apresenta as indicações, contraindicações, vantagens, desvantagens e riscos do uso de RIS em obstetrícia.

已证实全身麻醉期间的意外意识（AAGA） 在产科实践中比在任何其他麻醉领域更常见。导致这种风险增加的因素包括母亲压力或焦虑，紧急手术和“静脉 – 吸入”间隔。本教程介绍了一些管理此风险增加的策略。