O despertar inadvertido durante anestesia geral (DIDA) foi demonstrado como sendo mais comum na prática obstétrica do que em qualquer outra área da anestesia. Os fatores que contribuem para um risco maior incluem estresse ou ansiedade materna, cirurgia de emergência e o intervalo “intravenoso-inalatório”. Este tutorial descreve algumas estratégias para gerenciar este risco maior.

A recuperação sanguínea intraoperatória (RIS) é uma alternativa segura à transfusão de sangue alogênico em casos de hemorragia pós-parto. O tutorial descreve como funciona o circuito de RIS e apresenta as indicações, contraindicações, vantagens, desvantagens e riscos do uso de RIS em obstetrícia.

已证实全身麻醉期间的意外意识（AAGA） 在产科实践中比在任何其他麻醉领域更常见。导致这种风险增加的因素包括母亲压力或焦虑，紧急手术和“静脉 – 吸入”间隔。本教程介绍了一些管理此风险增加的策略。

This tutorial covers the neuraxial analgesia/anaesthesia-related complications and their management in obstetric patients. Complications are divided into four main categories including neurological, cardiovascular, drug related and miscellaneous. This tutorial includes up-to-date recommendations related to neuraxial blocks.

Failed tracheal intubation is more common in the obstetric population despite widespread adoption of failed intubation drills and equipment advances. This tutorial provides a practical approach to safe obstetric airway management and the actions to take when problems arise including measures to maintain oxygenation and appropriate decision making.

El rescate celular intraoperatorio en obstetricia es una opción o alternativa segura a la transfusión de sangre alogénica durante una hemorragia postparto. Este tutorial describirá como trabaja el circuito de rescate celular y revisa las indicaciones, contraindicaciones, ventajas, desventajas y riesgos del rescate celular intraoperatorio en obstetricia.

孕产妇早期预警评分（MEWS）系统是一项旨在能早期发现患病母体，以致于有机会进行干预并防止病情恶化的评分系统。此教程将讨论MEWS的临床应用及其证据支持。

硬膜外分娩镇痛系列的第二篇文章介绍了4例需要确定最合理椎管内镇痛技术的病例,它涵盖了硬膜外麻醉失败的原因以及如何采取措施纠正错误。

Se ha demostrado que el Despertar Accidental durante la Anestesia General (DAAG) es más común en la práctica obstétrica que en cualquier otra área de la anestesia. Los factores que contribuyen a este aumento del riesgo incluyen estrés o ansiedad materna, cirugía de emergencia y el intervalo "intravenoso-inhalatorio". Este tutorial describe algunas estrategias para manejar este riesgo incrementado.

El manejo de la mujer embarazada con una historia de adicción o abuso de sustancias puede ser desafiante. Este tutorial se enfoca en los efectos fisiopatológicos de la adicción a drogas, administrar atención perioperatoria segura y alcanzar una analgesia efectiva tanto durante el trabajo de parto como en el post-operatorio de cesárea.

Accidental Awareness during General Anaesthesia (AAGA) has been demonstrated to be more common in obstetric practice than in any other area of anaesthesia. Factors contributing to this increased risk include maternal stress or anxiety, emergency surgery and the “intravenous-inhalational” interval. This tutorial describes some strategies for managing this increased risk.

The management of the pregnant woman with a history of addiction or substance abuse can be challenging. This tutorial focuses on the pathophysiological effects of drug addiction, providing safe perioperative care and achieving effective analgesia both during labour and post-caesarean section.

El Puntaje de Advertencia Temprana Materna (PATM) es un sistema diseñado para ayudar a la detección temprana de madres enfermas y potencialmente permite la oportunidad de intervenir y prevenir el deterioro. Este tutorial discute la aplicación del PATM y la evidencia detrás de su uso.

产科术中回收式自体输血对产后出血是一项安全有效的替代异体输血的技术。本教程将介绍自体血液细胞回收循环工作流程和回顾产科术中回收式自体输血技术应用的指征、并发症、优缺点和风险。

The Maternal Early Warning Score (MEWS) is a system designed to help early detection of sick mothers and potentially allows the opportunity to intervene and prevent deterioration. This tutorial discusses the application of MEWS and the evidence behind its use.

Intraoperative cell salvage in obstetrics is a safe adjunct or alternative treatment to allogenic blood transfusions during a postpartum hemorrhage. This tutorial will describe how the cell salvage circuit works and review the indications, contraindications, advantages, disadvantages and risks of intraoperative cell salvage in obstetrics.

这一系列的两篇文章对硬膜外阻滞用于分娩镇痛提供了一个概述。第一篇文章论述了硬膜外分娩镇痛的适应症和禁忌症、局部解剖及阻滞所需平面等。

La péridurale pendant le travail est sûre et bien acceptée ; elle procure une analgésie efficace aux parturientes. La diminution des doses limite le bloc moteur, ne modifie pas le déroulement du travail, et a un minimum d’effets sur la mère et le fœtus. La péridurale pendant le travail peut également assurer l’anesthésie pour une extraction instrumentale ou une césarienne.

Angela Enright, MB, FRCPC, Kate Grady, BSc, MB, BS, FRCA, FFPMRCA, FRCOG, Faye Evans, MD Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada (Oct 2015)

El segundo artículo de esta serie sobre analgesia epidural en el trabajo de parto presenta cuatro casos que requieren identificar la técnica neuroaxial más apropiada. Se aborda el por qué la epidural puede fallar y como estas fallas pueden ser rectificadas.

O segundo artigo desta série sobre epidural para trabalho de parto apresenta 4 casos que exigem a identificação da técnica neuraxial mais adequada. O artigo abrange porque as epidurais falham e como essas falhas podem ser corrigidas.

Every year around 290,000 women die due to complications in pregnancy and childbirth. 90% of these deaths are preventable. Can you imagine facing difficulties during birth in an environment where access to safe anaesthesia and surgery is limited? Happy Birth Days is an insight into everyday childbirth in Tanzania, and into the Safer Anaesthesia From Education (SAFE) obstetric anaesthesia course which brings Tanzanian anaesthesia providers together for training on how to address the major causes of maternal mortality and give the safest possible care. Happy Birth Days defines access to safe anaesthesia and surgery, not as a luxury, but as a basic human right - with the potential to save the lives of hundreds of thousands of mothers and babies around the world.

The second article of this labour epidural series features 4 cases requiring identification of the most appropriate neuraxial technique. It covers why epidurals fail and how these failures may be rectified.

Los dos artículos de esta serie proporcionarán una visión general de la analgesia epidural en el trabajo de parto. La primera parte cubre las indicaciones y contraindicaciones para la colocación de una epidural en el trabajo de parto, la anatomía y las técnicas neuroaxiales disponibles

The two articles in this series will provide an overview of epidurals for labour analgesia. The first article covers the indications and contraindications for labour epidurals, anatomy and the range of neuraxial approaches available.